Shortcut Pre-calculation: For the most commonly used speed profiles, the travel costs (time/distance) for shortcuts between border points within each cluster are pre-calculated and stored. (Each border point effectively has an "entry" and "exit" aspect for directed travel).
In the early days, public Wi-Fi networks often resembled the Wild West, where ARP spoofing attacks that allowed renegade users to read other users' traffic were common. The solution was to build cryptographic protections that prevented nearby parties—whether an authorized user on the network or someone near the AP (access point)—from reading or tampering with the traffic of any other user.
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下载虎嗅APP，第一时间获取深度独到的商业科技资讯，连接更多创新人群与线下活动
Georgina RannardScience correspondent